Comprehensive Travel Guide to Makkah for Umrah

Planning your Umrah journey? Here’s what you need to know for a smooth and spiritually fulfilling experience:

• Visa Requirements: UK travellers can opt for an e-visa (365 days, multiple entries) or an electronic visa waiver (single entry, up to 6 months). Ensure your passport is valid for 6 months post-arrival.
• Vaccinations: MenACWY vaccine is mandatory for travellers over 1 year old. COVID-19 and flu vaccines are recommended, especially for vulnerable groups.
• Packing Essentials: Lightweight clothing, Ihram garments, prayer items, comfortable shoes, and a power adapter. Keep copies of important documents.
• Budgeting: Umrah packages range from £425 to £1,000+. Plan for local expenses like transport, meals, and religious obligations. Use a mix of cash and cards for convenience.
• Key Rituals: Perform Ihram, Tawaf, Saʿi, and hair cutting in the correct order. Each step holds spiritual significance.
• Accommodation & Transport: Stay close to Masjid al-Haram if possible. Use the Haramain High-Speed Railway or shuttle services for cost-effective transport.
• Local Customs: Dress modestly, respect prayer times, and follow etiquette like using the right hand for eating.

Quick Tip: Book Umrah packages early for better deals and support. Respect Saudi customs for a respectful and enriching experience.

This guide covers everything from preparation to performing rituals, ensuring your pilgrimage is well-organised and meaningful.

Key Preparations for UK Travellers

For UK travellers planning an Umrah pilgrimage, ensuring proper documentation and meeting health requirements is critical for a hassle-free journey.

Visa and Entry Requirements

UK citizens have two main visa options: an e-visa, valid for 365 days with multiple entries and allowing stays of up to 90 days per visit, or an electronic visa waiver, which permits a single entry lasting up to six months. Both types can be applied for online, but your passport must remain valid for at least six months beyond your planned arrival date. If you're travelling for Umrah in 2025, note that Umrah visas will remain valid until 13 April, with departures required by 29 April. After this, entry restrictions apply.

For those intending to perform Hajj, a separate visa is mandatory. UK pilgrims should book their Hajj packages through the Nusuk Hajj portal, which requires digital copies of your passport, a passport photo, and, if applicable, a British Residency Permit. Additionally, the Nusuk app can be used for obtaining Umrah permits and booking access to Riaz Ul Jannah.

Once your visa is sorted, turn your attention to meeting health and safety requirements.

Health and Safety Requirements

Health preparation is a top priority. Recent reports from May 2024 revealed 12 cases of invasive meningococcal disease (serogroup W) among Umrah returnees who had not received the MenACWY vaccine. To prevent such risks, all travellers over one year old must get the MenACWY vaccine at least 10 days before arrival. A vaccination certificate, valid for five years, is required as part of the visa application.

"The MenACWY vaccination is essential for pilgrims travelling to KSA for Umrah and Hajj, particularly given recent cases among UK returnees and their families. Meningococcal disease can be fatal and may leave survivors with serious lifelong conditions including hearing loss, brain damage and limb amputations."
– Dr Shamez Ladhani, Consultant Epidemiologist at UKHSA

COVID-19 vaccination is also required for specific groups, such as individuals over 65, pregnant women, and those with chronic conditions. Accepted proof includes a single dose for the 2024–2025 season, a primary course completed between 2021 and 2023, or recovery from COVID-19 confirmed by lab tests during 2024. Additionally, the seasonal flu vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine are recommended. The Saudi Ministry of Health particularly advises flu vaccination for vulnerable groups, including pregnant women, young children, and the elderly.

To stay prepared, seek travel health advice 4–6 weeks before your departure, purchase travel insurance, and familiarise yourself with local healthcare facilities. Packing a basic first aid kit for minor ailments is also a good idea.

Packing Checklist

Packing wisely can make your trip more comfortable. For Makkah's warm climate, bring lightweight, breathable clothing. Men should carry two unstitched white cloths for Ihram, along with a prayer mat, a Qur'an, and a Tasbeeh. Women should pack modest attire covering everything except the face and hands. Comfortable walking shoes and a small umbrella for sun protection are also essential.

Other useful items include:

• A power adapter for your electronics
• A money belt for security
• Photocopies of important documents (stored separately from the originals)
• Prescription medications in their original packaging, along with a copy of the prescription
• Basic toiletries and a compact first aid kit

Many pilgrims prefer buying Ihram garments, prayer rugs, and religious books locally, as it can be both convenient and cost-effective.

Financial Planning

Umrah packages vary widely in cost, starting at around £425 for economy options and exceeding £1,000 for luxury packages. On average, expect to spend about £850 per person.

Before departure, exchange a small amount of GBP for Saudi Riyals (SAR) to cover immediate expenses, though you'll generally find better rates in Makkah and Madinah. Authorised exchange centres usually offer the best rates, so avoid airport kiosks and hotels. Plan your budget to cover local transport, meals not included in your package, shopping, and religious obligations like animal sacrifice (Hady), which typically costs between 600 and 900 riyals. Setting aside an emergency fund is also advisable.

For day-to-day expenses, use a mix of cash and cards. Saudi ATMs have a daily withdrawal limit of 5,000 riyals, so prepaid travel cards can offer added security and favourable exchange rates. Monitoring exchange rates before your trip and opting for public transport or strategic meal planning can help you manage costs effectively.

Step-by-Step Guide to Performing Umrah

Umrah involves four key rituals: Ihram, Tawaf al-Umrah, Saʿi, and either Halq (shaving) or Taqsir (shortening) of the hair. Each step holds profound spiritual meaning and must be done in the correct order.

Entering Ihram

Ihram marks the beginning of your Umrah journey. Start by performing ghusl (or wudhu if ghusl is not possible). Trim your nails and remove unwanted hair, as these actions are prohibited once you enter Ihram. Men may apply a light, unscented fragrance to their heads or beards before donning the Ihram garments, but not on the garments themselves.

Ihram Clothing

For men, Ihram consists of two clean, white, unstitched cloths: the izar (wrapped around the waist) and the rida (draped over the upper body). Footwear should leave the heels and ankles uncovered. Women wear modest Islamic attire, including a head covering of any colour, ensuring their hands and face remain uncovered.

"One shouldn't pass the Miqat unless he/she is in the state of Ihram." – Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)

Declaring Your Intention

At the Miqat or close to it, make your Niyyah (intention) by reciting: "Labbayka Llāhumma ʿUmrah" (O Allah, here I am to perform Umrah). Then begin the Talbiyah:
"Labbayka Llāhumma labbayk, labbayka lā sharīka laka labbayk, inna l-ḥamda wa n-niʿmata, laka wa l-mulk, lā sharīka lak."
Continue reciting the Talbiyah until you arrive at Masjid al-Haram.

Ihram Restrictions

Once in the state of Ihram, certain actions become forbidden. These include cutting hair or nails, using perfume, engaging in sexual activity, hunting or harming animals, and quarrelling. Violating these rules requires kaffarah (a penalty).

After entering Ihram, you are ready to proceed with the core rituals of Tawaf and Saʿi.

Tawaf and Saʿi

The central acts of Umrah are Tawaf around the Kaaba and Saʿi between Safa and Marwa. These rituals require focus and devotion.

Performing Tawaf

Ensure you have wudhu before starting Tawaf. Men often uncover their right shoulder during this ritual. Begin at the Hajar al-Aswad (Black Stone), marked by a green light on the wall opposite the Kaaba. Make your intention for Tawaf, and if possible, touch, kiss, or gesture towards the Hajar al-Aswad (istilām). Complete seven anti-clockwise circuits, keeping the Kaaba on your left. Avoid cutting through the Hijr Ismail area.

For men, it is sunnah to walk briskly (raml) during the first three circuits, provided it does not inconvenience others. Recite prayers and supplications throughout, and if possible, touch the Rukn al-Yamani. After completing all seven circuits, pray two rak'ahs near Maqam Ibrahim, reciting Surah al-Kāfirun in the first rak'ah and Surah al-Ikhlās in the second. Finally, drink Zamzam water.

Performing Saʿi

It is sunnah to perform istilām of the Hajar al-Aswad once more before beginning Saʿi. Head to Safa and recite:
"Inna ṣ-Ṣafā wa l-Marwata min shaʿā'iri Llāh" (Indeed, Safa and Marwa are from the Signs of Allah).

At Safa, face the Kaaba, offer duʿā (prayers), and then proceed towards Marwa. Men should briskly run between the green fluorescent lights (Milayn al-Akhdharayn), while women maintain a steady pace. Offer prayers at Marwa and repeat this process for seven laps, ending at Marwa.

Lap No.	From	To
1	Safa	Marwa
2	Marwa	Safa
3	Safa	Marwa
4	Marwa	Safa
5	Safa	Marwa
6	Marwa	Safa
7	Safa	Marwa

"The water of Zamzam is for whatever purpose it is drunk for." – Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)

After completing Saʿi, you are ready for the final step of Umrah.

Completing Your Umrah

With Tawaf and Saʿi completed, the next step is to exit the state of Ihram.

Cutting Hair

To conclude Ihram, men should either shave their heads (Halq) or trim their hair (Taqsir). Women should only trim a small portion of their hair.

Additional Recommendations

After cutting your hair, your Umrah is complete. It is encouraged to pray two rak'ahs of nafl salah in Masjid al-Haram as a final act of worship. This is a perfect moment for personal prayers and expressing gratitude.

If you wish to perform another Umrah during your stay, you must re-enter Ihram outside the Haram boundary. Many pilgrims visit Masjid Aisha for this purpose.

While in the Haram of Makkah, remember that cutting vegetation, harming animals, carrying weapons, or engaging in disputes is prohibited. Preserving the sacredness of this space is a continuous responsibility for all pilgrims.

Choosing the Right Umrah Package

Finding the ideal Umrah package can make a world of difference to your pilgrimage experience. In the UK, package prices typically range from £600 to over £1,000. Interestingly, 45% of British Muslims prioritise comfort and peace over budget options. Here's what you need to know to make an informed choice.

What to Look for in a Package

A good Umrah package does more than just handle logistics - it ensures your focus remains on the spiritual aspects of your journey. First and foremost, confirm that the package is accredited by trusted organisations like the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah, ATOL, or IATA.

Accommodation plays a critical role. Staying closer to Masjid al-Haram can save you time and energy, allowing more focus on worship. Budget packages often include 3-star hotels located farther from the Kaaba, with shared rooms as standard. In contrast, luxury packages feature 5-star hotels within walking distance, offering more privacy and convenience.

Your package should also cover essential services such as visa processing, airline tickets, and transportation between holy sites and accommodations. This includes airport transfers, travel to Madinah (if included), and local transport for Ziarath visits.

Flight arrangements are another key consideration. Some packages come with fixed airline options, while others let you choose your preferred carrier and departure times. Providers like UmrahDeals offer flexible travel dates and airline choices, so you can pick flights that fit your schedule. Additionally, many packages include Ihram garments or offer them as optional add-ons.

Customisation and Support Options

Tailoring your Umrah package to meet personal needs can make your journey more comfortable. For instance, family packages often include larger rooms and meals suitable for children, while solo packages focus on shared accommodations and group activities. Booking as part of a group is usually more cost-effective, but customised packages give you the freedom to adapt services to your specific requirements.

The duration of your trip is another important factor. Packages range from 3-day express options to extended stays lasting several weeks. A longer stay allows for a more relaxed pace and additional spiritual activities, while shorter trips are ideal for those with limited time off work.

Expert guidance can also enhance your experience. UmrahDeals, for example, offers one-to-one support via WhatsApp, ensuring you perform the rituals correctly. They also provide 24/7 emergency assistance, which can be especially reassuring for first-time pilgrims.

Additional services like guided Ziarath tours, local SIM cards for communication, and religious workshops can enrich your pilgrimage. Some agencies even offer online seminars to help you prepare for Umrah, covering everything from rituals to local customs.

To get the best rates, book your package at least six months in advance. Prices for hotels and flights tend to rise as travel dates approach. Travelling during the off-season can also lower costs, though you’ll need to weigh potential savings against your preferred travel timing.

When comparing packages, don’t focus solely on price. Instead, consider the quality of services, the agency’s reputation, and the level of support provided. Reading customer reviews and testimonials can help you gauge reliability. If you’re booking for a group or travelling during a less busy period, try negotiating with agencies for better deals.

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Getting Around Makkah: Transport and Hotels

Once your travel and visa arrangements are sorted, it’s time to focus on local transport and accommodation in Makkah. These two elements play a big role in ensuring a smooth and fulfilling Umrah experience.

Transport Options

Travelling from King Abdulaziz International Airport in Jeddah to Makkah offers several choices. The Haramain High-Speed Railway is a quick and comfortable option, costing around 75 SAR (approximately £15) per person. Alternatively, the Northwest Bus provides a more budget-friendly ride at about 35 SAR (roughly £7), though the journey takes longer. For those seeking convenience, taxis are available but come with a higher price tag.

Local ride-hailing apps are a popular choice, offering fixed fares that make planning your budget easier. Additionally, many hotels provide free shuttle services for guests staying farther from Masjid al-Haram, which can significantly cut down daily transport costs. In fact, these complimentary shuttles can save an average of £75 per pilgrim during their stay.

If your accommodation is within 500 metres of Masjid al-Haram, walking is often the simplest and most practical way to get around. Makkah has invested heavily in pedestrian-friendly infrastructure, ensuring safer and more comfortable pathways for visitors.

For travel between Makkah and Madinah, the Haramain High-Speed Railway remains a top choice, costing about 175 SAR (around £35) per person. It balances speed, comfort, and affordability compared to taxis (approximately 500 SAR or £100) or the Northwest Bus (roughly 110 SAR or £22). Pilgrims who are elderly or disabled should confirm that their transport and accommodation options include accessibility features such as ramps and lifts.

For those driving, Makkah provides seven parking areas accommodating up to 50,000 vehicles. However, keep in mind that driving restrictions apply during Hajj season and the last ten days of Ramadan.

Hotel Selection Tips

Choosing the right hotel is just as important as planning your transport, as it directly affects your comfort and convenience during Umrah. Staying close to Masjid al-Haram is ideal, as it saves time and transport costs while allowing you to focus more on worship. Hotels overlooking the Haram offer unmatched convenience but often come with a higher price tag. For more affordable options, areas like Aziziyah provide good alternatives with dependable transport links to the mosque.

Accommodation preferences vary, with about 50% of pilgrims opting for mid-range hotels, 30% choosing luxury, and 20% selecting budget-friendly options. To secure the best deals, especially during peak seasons like Ramadan, it’s wise to book 3–6 months in advance. During this period, Umrah packages from the UK typically range between £3,000 and £6,000.

When comparing hotels, take the time to read recent guest reviews. These can give you a clearer picture of the actual walking distance to the Haram, cleanliness, and staff service. Also, double-check the hotel's location and watch out for hidden charges, especially for services that are advertised as free.

Your choice of amenities will depend on your needs. Families, who make up around 40% of Umrah visitors, often value larger suites or connecting rooms. On the other hand, solo travellers may prioritise features like reliable Wi-Fi and quiet prayer areas [49, 51]. Across the board, hotels in Makkah maintain high standards of cleanliness and security, with satisfaction rates averaging 90% for luxury, 85% for mid-range, and 80% for budget accommodations.

For a more enriching experience, consider hotels that offer religious programmes, on-site prayer areas, or multilingual concierge services. Hotels with integrated transport solutions, such as free shuttles to the Haram or proximity to public transport, can also make your stay more convenient and enjoyable.

Local Customs and Etiquette

Understanding and respecting local customs in Makkah is essential for UK visitors embarking on Umrah. Saudi Arabia’s deeply rooted Islamic traditions call for cultural sensitivity and awareness.

Dress Code and Modesty

The dress code for Umrah is specific and symbolic, reflecting the simplicity and humility of the pilgrimage. For men, the required attire, known as Ihram, consists of two unstitched white cloths. The izar is wrapped around the waist, covering from the navel to the ankles, while the rida is draped over the shoulders to cover the upper body. Men must avoid stitched clothing, underwear, socks, or head coverings while in Ihram. Footwear should leave the ankles and toes exposed.

For women, the Ihram guidelines are less rigid. Women should wear modest clothing that covers the entire body except for the face and hands. White or black abayas paired with hijabs are commonly worn.

Outside of Ihram, modesty remains essential. Both men and women should ensure their shoulders and knees are covered in public spaces. Women are advised to carry a headscarf, particularly when visiting mosques or religious sites. During Ihram, pilgrims must refrain from grooming activities such as cutting hair or nails, applying makeup or perfume, and engaging in sexual relations.

Behaviour and Social Norms

Saudi culture places high value on respect and politeness, especially towards elders. Public displays of affection are not appropriate and should be avoided. When taking photos, always seek permission, particularly if women are included in the frame.

Cultural etiquette also emphasises the importance of using the right hand for eating, passing items, and greetings, as the left hand is traditionally associated with unclean tasks. Removing your shoes before entering homes or specific mosque areas is a customary sign of respect.

While gender segregation is less rigid than it once was, it may still be observed in certain settings. Be mindful of the call to prayer, as it shapes daily routines and business hours. Greeting others with "As-Salamu Alaikum" is warmly received and reflects an understanding of local customs.

"Saudi Arabia is an incredibly safe country, and I would encourage people not to believe everything they see in the media. Saudi people are some of the most hospitable and welcoming you'll ever meet." - Inayah Sadiq, TikTok Traveller

Learning a few Arabic phrases, such as greetings, can go a long way in showing respect. Patience is also appreciated, especially in the busy areas around the Haram. It’s important to remember that Saudi Arabia enforces Sharia law, prohibiting alcohol and drugs. Even dining etiquette is guided by respect and formality, reflecting the cultural values of the region.

Dining and Food Customs

Dining in Makkah is a reflection of Saudi hospitality, with traditions steeped in Islamic principles. All food in Makkah is halal-certified, ensuring UK visitors can dine confidently within dietary guidelines.

Meals are often shared communally, with traditional settings involving dining on the floor, though many modern restaurants offer table seating. Use your right hand for eating and serving food, as the left hand is considered impolite. Washing your hands before and after meals is customary, and sampling all dishes offered is a polite gesture.

Common dining phrases include "Sahtain" (Good health) or "Bismillah" (In the name of God) before eating, and "Daimah" (May there always be plenty of food on your table) when finishing a meal. If someone compliments the food, responding with "Mashallah" (May God bless) is customary.

Tipping is appreciated, with 10% of the bill being a standard practice in restaurants. Everyday meals at local eateries typically cost around £5.50, while a three-course dinner for two averages approximately £47. During Ramadan, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours, as a mark of respect.

Accepting coffee when offered is a hallmark of Saudi hospitality. While some older establishments may still have separate sections for men and families, many newer venues now offer mixed-gender seating. Punctuality is valued at dining events, and expressing gratitude to your host before leaving is always appreciated.

Following these customs will not only show respect for local traditions but also enrich your overall experience as you prepare for your spiritual journey.

Conclusion: Planning Your Spiritual Journey

Umrah is a deeply meaningful pilgrimage, with over 750,000 pilgrims visiting Mecca and Medina annually to fulfil this sacred act of worship. As highlighted in this guide, thorough preparation is the key to experiencing a journey that is both spiritually uplifting and well-organised. Balancing spiritual readiness with practical planning is essential for making the most of this transformative experience.

"Whoever performs Hajj or Umrah and does not commit immoral or sinful acts, (he) will return as (free from sin) on the day his mother gave birth to him." - Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)

While preparing your heart and mind is vital, practical arrangements play an equally important role. Travellers from the UK benefit from streamlined visa processes and affordable options, as previously discussed. Understanding the rituals, such as Ihram, Tawaf, and Sa'i, ensures you can perform each act of worship with confidence and devotion. Additionally, respecting local customs - like appropriate dress and dining etiquette - enhances your experience and reflects an appreciation for the host culture.

Financial planning is another critical aspect, with British Muslims collectively spending around £125 million on pilgrimages each year. Refer to the earlier budgeting tips to ensure your financial preparations are in order.

For a hassle-free experience, UmrahDeals offers tailored packages that cover flights, accommodations, and comprehensive support. Their partnerships with airlines and hotels allow them to secure competitive rates, while their 24/7 assistance ensures you’re supported throughout your journey. Their personalised WhatsApp guidance helps you avoid common pitfalls, allowing you to focus entirely on your spiritual goals.

Timing your pilgrimage thoughtfully can add even more spiritual significance. Since Umrah can be performed year-round, you have the flexibility to choose dates that align with your personal circumstances while still gaining the full spiritual rewards.

As you embark on this sacred journey, remember that Umrah is not just a physical act but an all-encompassing experience for your mind, body, and soul. The rituals performed in Makkah are deeply connected to your spiritual intentions and state of heart. Approach the pilgrimage with gratitude, increase your acts of worship and prayers in advance, and maintain sincerity throughout your journey.

This guide has provided the essential tools - spiritual, practical, and cultural - to help ensure a meaningful Umrah. Your preparation, intentions, and willingness to embrace the journey will shape the impact it has on your life. With the support of UmrahDeals for seamless logistics, you’re ready to embark on this life-changing pilgrimage with confidence and devotion. The sacred sites of Makkah await, offering an experience that will stay with you long after you’ve returned home.

FAQs

What are the key steps to prepare for Umrah when travelling from the UK?

Preparing for Umrah from the UK involves a few key steps to ensure your journey is both seamless and spiritually enriching. First, make sure your travel documents are in order. This includes a valid passport, an Umrah visa, and any necessary vaccination certificates, such as one for meningitis. Sorting these out early will save you from any last-minute panic.

Take time to familiarise yourself with the key rituals of Umrah, like Ihram, Tawaf, and Sa'i. Understanding their meaning and significance will help you perform them with the right mindset and devotion. It’s also wise to book an Umrah package that suits your budget and preferences. These packages often handle flights, accommodation, and local transport, making your trip much more manageable.

Lastly, focus on spiritual preparation. Reflect on your intentions for the pilgrimage, set personal goals, and seek blessings or forgiveness from loved ones. This inner work can make your experience deeply rewarding and leave a lasting impact on your heart and soul.

How can I choose an Umrah package that balances cost, comfort, and convenience?

When choosing an Umrah package that balances cost, comfort, and convenience, it's important to dive into the details. Start by checking for clear pricing - make sure there are no hidden fees. Essential inclusions like accommodation, meals, and transport to key sites should also be part of the deal. Staying close to the holy sites can greatly improve your overall experience, so give priority to packages that offer nearby lodging.

The provider's reputation matters too. Trusted and well-established agencies are more likely to provide dependable service. If you're flexible with your travel dates, you might find options that better suit your budget and schedule. Ultimately, pick a package that matches your personal needs and preferences to ensure a smooth, spiritually enriching journey.

What cultural customs and etiquettes should I follow when visiting Makkah for Umrah?

When travelling to Makkah for Umrah, observing certain customs and etiquettes is crucial for a respectful and spiritually enriching experience.

• Dress modestly: Men are required to wear the simple white garments of Ihram, while women should dress modestly, ensuring their hair is covered with a hijab.
• Respect sacred spaces: In Masjid al-Haram, maintain a quiet and reverent attitude, avoiding any loud or disruptive behaviour.
• Practice patience and kindness: With large crowds often present, showing patience and consideration towards others is vital.
• Prioritise spirituality: Devote your time to prayer, reflection, and performing Umrah rituals with sincerity, steering clear of distractions like excessive shopping.

Adhering to these practices helps create a serene and respectful atmosphere for everyone partaking in this sacred journey.